th
Century was full of chaos and confusion. The last decade of 19th century and the first one of 20th gave birth to a new spirit of industrial new age.Modernism brings a vitalist touch of hope: industry is believed to help spiritual andmaterial fields of life.The 19th century gave birth to the professional scientist, the word scientist was first usedin 1833 by William Whewell. Inventors began to design practical internal combustionengines. The lightbulb, telephone, typewriter, sewing machine, all came of age during the19th century. The 19th century was the age of machine tools - tools that made tools -machines that made parts for other machines, including interchangeable parts. Theassembly line was invented during the 19th century, speeding up the factory production of consumer goods The invention of useable electricity, steel, and petroleum products duringthe 19th century lead to a second industrial revolution (1865–1900), that featured thegrowth of railways and steam ships, faster and wider means of communication, andinventions with names we all know today.
With this brief background, we hear of William G. Benham steppinginto the20
th
century is
The Laws of Scientific Hand Reading
by William Benham,originally published in 1900.
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